Business as Usual with UNRWA. Global Health Program; International Institutions and Global Governance. UNRWA Resists Resettlement. UNRWA's education program comprised 699 schools. UNRWA at 60: Are There Better Alternatives?UNRWA - Wikipedia. United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East. UNRWA logo. Abbreviation. UNRWAFormation. 8 December 1. Purpose. Humanitarian. Region served. West Asia. Commissioner- General. Pierre Kr. Unlike UNRWA, UNHCR has a specific mandate to aid its refugees to eliminate their refugee status by local integration in current country, resettlement in a third country or repatriation when possible. Its definition does not cover final status. The descendants of Palestine refugee males, including adopted children, are also eligible for registration as refugees. Italy has contributed 6.6 million euros ($7.35 million) to the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) in support of. Today, UNRWA provides education, health care. UNRWA initiated a reform program based on organizational development to improve efficiency in 2007. Press Release United Nations warns of “rapidly unfolding” health disaster in Gaza 2 August 2014, Jerusalem A health disaster of widespread proportions is rapidly. When the Agency began operations in 1. Palestine refugees. Today, some 5 million Palestine refugees are registered as eligible for UNRWA services. For a camp to be recognized by UNRWA, there must be an agreement between the host government and UNRWA governing use of the camp. UNRWA does not itself run camps, has no police powers or administrative role, but simply provides services in the camp. Refugee camps, which developed from tent cities to settlements indistinguishable from their urban surroundings, house around one third of all registered Palestine refugees. Organisation. Its operations are organised into five fields . UNRWA's Commissioner- General is the Swiss Pierre Kr. In each area where UNRWA operates, there is a Director in charge of distributing humanitarian aid and overseeing general UNRWA operations. It is not a governing body as many other UN Agencies maintain, but serves in a purely advisory capacity. Consisting of five members when it was first created, the Advisory Commission (Ad. Com) currently has 2. Members and 3 Observers. The Ad. Com meets twice a year, usually in June and November, to discuss issues of importance to UNRWA. Members and Observers meet more regularly through Sub- Committee meetings. All countries considered as hosts of Palestine refugees (Jordan, Syria, Lebanon) sit on the Advisory Commission, and 2. Commission. In addition, Palestine, the European Union, and the League of Arab States have had Observer status on the Commission since 2. Sweden ($4. 7m), the United Kingdom ($4. Norway ($4. 0m), and the Netherlands ($2. In the following, UNRWA's own descriptions of itself are summarized. Education programme. The education programme is UNRWA's largest area of activity, accounting for half of its regular budget and 7. Basic education is available to all registered refugee children free of charge up to around the age of 1. In the 1. 96. 0s, UNRWA schools became the first in the region to achieve full gender equality. Overcrowded classrooms containing 4. Almost three quarters run on a double- shift system, where two separate groups of pupils and teachers share the same buildings, thus reducing teaching time. The school year is often interrupted by conflicts and children are often marked by trauma. This allows UNRWA pupils to progress to further education or employment holding locally recognised qualifications and compliess with the sovereignty requirements of countries hosting refugees. Wherever possible, UNRWA students take national exams conducted by the host governments. Pupils at UNRWA schools often out- perform government school pupils in these state exams. In Jordan and Syria, children have full access to government schools and many attend those because they are close to where they reside. Relief and social services programme. Those headed by a widow, a divorcee. In addition children from special hardship case families are given preferential access to the Agency's vocational training centres, while women in such families are encouraged to join UNRWA's women's programme centres. In these centres, training, advice, and childcare are available to encourage female refugees. The CBOs now have their own management committees staffed by volunteers from the community. UNRWA provides them with technical and small sums of targeted financial assistance, but many have formed links of their own with local and international NGOs. Health programme. However, there is now a demographic transition. People are living longer and developing different needs, particularly those related to non- communicable diseases (NCDs) and chronic conditions that require lifelong care, such as diabetes, hypertension, and cancer. A healthy life is a continuum of phases from infancy to old age, each of which has unique, specific needs, and our programme therefore takes a . We introduced the Family Health Team (FHT) approach, based on the World Health Organization- indicated values of primary health care, in our primary health facilities (PHFs). Moreover, the FHT helps address intersectional issues that impact health, such as diet and physical activity, education, gender- based violence, child protection, poverty, and community development. Medical services include outpatient care, dental treatment, and rehabilitation for the physically disabled. Maternal and child healthcare (MCH) is a priority for UNRWA's health programme. School health teams and camp medical officers visit UNRWA schools to examine new pupils to aid early detection of childhood diseases. All UNRWA clinics offer family planning services with counselling that emphasises the importance of birth spacing as a factor in maternal and child health. Agency clinics also supervise the provision of food aid to nursing and pregnant mothers who need it, and six clinics in the Gaza Strip have their own maternity units. Infant mortality rates have for some time been lower among refugees than the World Health Organisation's benchmark for the developing world. UNRWA provides refugees with assistance in meeting the costs of hospitalisation either by partially reimbursing them, or by negotiating contracts with government, NGOs, and private hospitals. Environmental health services The UNRWA Environmental Health programmecontrols the quality of drinking water, provides sanitation, and carries out vector and rodent control in refugee camps, thus reducing the risk of epidemics. UNRWA Microfinance Department. The programme seeks to be as close to self- supporting as possible. It has a strong record of creating employment, generating income, and empowering refugees. The Microfinance Department is an autonomous financial unit within UNRWA, established in 1. Palestine refugees, as well as poor or marginal groups living and working in close proximity to them. With operations in three countries, the MD currently has the broadest regional coverage of any microfinance institution in the Middle East. Having begun its operations in the o. Pt, it remains the largest non- bank financial intermediary in the West Bank and Gaza. Key Figures - cumulative as of 2. Number of Loans Awarded. M USD Value of Loans Awarded. Youth Outreach. 38% Women Outreach. Emergency operations. This work began in 2. Lebanese Armed Forces and Fatah al- Islam in 2. UNRWA evaluates the ongoing conflict in Syria as one of the most serious challenges ever. UNRWA supports Palestine both refugees displaced within Syria and those who have fled to neighbouring countries within the UNRWA areas of operations. Services range from supplying temporary shelter, water, food, clothing, and blankets to temporary job- creation and help for re- building. There is extensive cooperation with other international NGOs and local actors. Infrastructure and camp/settlement improvement. To date, UNRWA has participated in re- building 5,2. Nahr el Bared in Northern Lebanon and has initiated a recovery and reconstruction plan for Gaza including clinics, schools, and housing units. Special funding has been provided by Saudi Arabia, Japan, the Netherlands, and the United Arab Emirates. UNRWA has received extensive public expressions of praise and appreciation. This has likely contributed to the agency's mandate continually being renewed, most recently in June 2. In the time frame 1. In 2. 00. 7, the Permanent Representative of Norway to the United Nations described his country as a . On the humanitarian front, UNRWA played a central role in easing the suffering of both refugees and Lebanese civilians during its emergency operations in Lebanon and on the Gaza Strip. Under often life- threatening conditions, UNRWA's staff showed relentless dedication to the Agency's responsibilities. MOPAN was established in 2. Today (2. 01. 1) MOPAN is made up of 1. Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, the Netherlands, Norway, Republic of Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. MOPAN assessments provide a snapshot of four dimensions of organisational effectiveness (strategic management, operational management, relationship management, and knowledge management). MOPAN does not examine an organisation. The 1. 96. 7 war created additional refugees. In addition, the descendents of refugees are also within UNRWA purview; with all generations included, about five million people are eligible for UNRWA's services. The number and complexity of tasks have also increased. UNRWA's original mandate does not require resettling refugees or transferring responsibility to the Palestinian Authority. Although the UN mandate is renewed every three years, resettling and transferring have never been added thereto. Criticism and controversies. As Emanual Marx and Nitza Nachmias pointed out in 2. Most of the criticism concerns UNRWA showing the pathology of . No follow- up can be identified. In addition to challenges in internal operations, there are some more difficult issues which have been pointed out especially, but not solely, by Israel and pro- Israel groups. UNRWA has been accused of hiring known militants, perpetuating Palestinian dependency, demonizing Israel, and funneling money from Western governments to line the pockets of the Palestinian Authority and purchasing arms for terrorists. However, some argue it serves to perpetuate the conflict. Joffe in April 2. UNRWA's . Ideally the UNRWA would be disbanded and Palestinians given the freedom .
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